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Tissue-Protective / Innate Repair Signaling · Research Compound

ARA-290 (Cibinetide): Research Overview

What is ARA-290? ARA-290 (cibinetide, pHBSP) is an 11-amino-acid synthetic peptide modeled on the external surface of helix B of erythropoietin (EPO). It is designed to activate the Innate Repair Receptor — a complex of the EPO receptor (EPOR) and CD131 (the beta-common receptor) — separating EPO's tissue-protective signaling from its hematopoietic, red-blood-cell-stimulating effect.
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Human data available Investigational 11-amino-acid peptide IRR / EPOR-CD131 Research use only

Technical profile

CompoundARA-290
Also known asCibinetide; pHBSP (pyroglutamate helix B surface peptide)
Class11-amino-acid synthetic peptide
Derived fromThe helix B surface region of erythropoietin (EPO)
Molecular targetInnate Repair Receptor (IRR) — heterocomplex of EPOR and CD131 / beta-common receptor
Molecular formulaC51H84N16O21
PubChem CID91810664
Form suppliedLyophilized powder, sealed vial
StorageLyophilized: 2–8 °C, protected from light.
VerificationHPLC purity — documented on the batch COA (research use only)

Evidence at a glance

Research evidence is not one category. Human, animal (preclinical) and in-vitro / mechanistic data differ in strength — often sharply. VP Peptides separates them so no single line overstates the whole picture. Ratings are deliberately conservative and describe the published evidence base, not any effect in humans.

Human clinical
Limited
Animal / preclinical
Moderate
In-vitro / mechanistic
Strong
Regulatory statusARA-290 (cibinetide) is INVESTIGATIONAL — not approved by the FDA or any other regulator for any indication. It has been studied in small early-phase clinical trials but has no marketing authorization, no approved therapeutic use, and no USP monograph.
What remains unknown
  • Human efficacy and safety beyond small early-phase trials are not established
  • Whether findings in sarcoidosis-associated small-fiber neuropathy or diabetic neuropathy generalize to other conditions is unknown — and should not be assumed
  • Long-term safety and adverse-event profile in humans are not characterized
  • The identity and purity of any given research-grade material must be verified independently

What the research literature covers

ARA-290 emerged from a specific idea: erythropoietin protects tissues far beyond its familiar role in red-blood-cell production, and that protective signaling can be separated from the hematopoietic one. The published literature is organized around that hypothesis and around the receptor complex — the Innate Repair Receptor — through which the protective signal is proposed to act. Below, human, animal, and mechanistic findings are kept distinct.

Human research

The human evidence base is limited to small, early-phase studies. The most cited is a randomized, double-blind pilot study in patients with sarcoidosis-associated small-fiber neuropathy (roughly 22 participants), which reported changes in neuropathy symptom scores relative to placebo over a short study window. Later work in the same population examined corneal nerve fiber density — a structural, microscopy-based measure of small-fiber integrity — and a separate Phase 2 study explored ARA-290 in the setting of type 2 diabetes, reporting exploratory changes in neuropathic symptom and metabolic measures. These are small studies, exploratory in nature, and do not establish efficacy. They describe what has been investigated, not a demonstrated clinical effect.

Animal and mechanistic research

The preclinical and mechanistic footprint is broader and, for the receptor biology in particular, comparatively strong. Published work spans:

Important context: the bulk of the evidence base is preclinical (cell and animal models) or mechanistic. ARA-290 has no approved human use in any jurisdiction. Summaries here describe what researchers have studied — they are not claims about effects in humans.

Research timeline

This is a map of research progression, not a claim of efficacy. Each stage describes what was investigated.

  1. Mechanistic foundationCharacterization of the Innate Repair Receptor (EPOR/CD131) and design of an 11-amino-acid peptide modeled on EPO's helix B surface that activates it without stimulating erythropoiesis.
  2. Preclinical tissue-protection modelsAnimal studies in peripheral nerve injury, neuroinflammation, and renal ischemia/reperfusion examining tissue-protective and anti-inflammatory signaling.
  3. Early human studiesFirst-in-human and early-phase work assessing tolerability and exploratory endpoints in small cohorts.
  4. Sarcoidosis small-fiber neuropathy (pilot)Randomized, double-blind pilot study (~22 patients) reporting exploratory changes in neuropathy symptom scores versus placebo.
  5. Corneal nerve fiber density & diabetic neuropathyFollow-up work on a structural small-fiber measure, and a Phase 2 study in type 2 diabetes — both limited and exploratory.
An important distinction. ARA-290, cibinetide and pHBSP are three names for the same compound. The broader family of EPO-derived tissue-protective peptides is not all ARA-290 — do not generalize ARA-290 findings to other EPO derivatives, and do not generalize findings from one studied condition to unrelated conditions.

Why purity matters for ARA-290 research

Peptide research results are only as reliable as the material in the vial. Truncated sequences, deletion impurities, or endotoxin contamination confound experimental outcomes — and for a peptide defined by a precise 11-residue sequence, sequence fidelity is central. Every VP Peptides batch ships with a Certificate of Analysis documenting HPLC purity and identity testing so that laboratories can attribute results to the compound, not to an impurity profile.

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Frequently asked questions

Is ARA-290 approved for human use?

No. ARA-290 (cibinetide) is investigational — it is not approved by the FDA or any other regulatory agency for any indication. It is supplied strictly as a research chemical for in-vitro and laboratory investigation. It is not a drug, supplement, or food ingredient.

Are ARA-290, cibinetide, and pHBSP different compounds?

No — they are three names for the same 11-amino-acid peptide. "Cibinetide" is the international nonproprietary name and "pHBSP" refers to the pyroglutamate helix B surface peptide.

What is the Innate Repair Receptor?

In the published research model, the Innate Repair Receptor (IRR) is a heterocomplex of the erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) and CD131 (the beta-common receptor). ARA-290 is designed to activate this complex, which is associated with tissue-protective signaling, without activating the homodimeric EPO receptor that drives red-blood-cell production.

How should ARA-290 be stored in the lab?

Lyophilized vials should be kept at 2–8 °C and protected from light.

Selected research references

Related research topics

Research use only. All products described on this page are furnished for laboratory research purposes only and are not for human or veterinary use, not for use in food or cosmetics, and not for any diagnostic or therapeutic application. ARA-290 (cibinetide) is investigational and has not been approved by any regulatory authority for any indication. Nothing on this page is medical advice or a claim of safety or efficacy in humans. Research summaries reference publicly available literature; specific citations are listed in the references above.